- SOLAS requires regular testing of Emergency Sources of Electrical Power.
Describe the recommended routine testing procedure for the emergency generator, in accordance with Maritime & Coastguard Agency (MCA) guidance.(10)
Regular testing of Emergency Sources of Electrical Power
SOLAS mandates the regular testing of Emergency Sources of Electrical Power. This requirement is detailed in both:
1. SHIP’S EMERGENCY POWER – DieselShip
- Regulation 42 – Emergency source of electrical power in passenger ships
- Regulation 43 – Emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships
Specifically, both regulations include the following clause:
Provision shall be made for the periodic testing of the complete emergency system and shall include the testing of automatic starting arrangements.
This indicates that not only the emergency power source itself (typically an emergency generator or batteries), but the entire system, including its automatic startup mechanism, must be tested regularly.
1. SHIP’S EMERGENCY POWER – DieselShip
While SOLAS doesn’t explicitly state the exact frequency of these tests, it’s generally understood and practiced in the industry that weekly testing is the norm. This ensures that the emergency power system remains reliable and ready to function in case of a main power failure.
In addition to these regular tests, it’s also crucial to conduct a load test occasionally to verify the emergency generator’s capability to handle the required load in an actual emergency situation.
Recommended routine testing procedure for the emergency generator
The Maritime & Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides guidance on the routine testing of emergency generators through documents like MGN 52. Based on this, here’s a description of the recommended procedure:
Weekly Testing (Unloaded):
- Preparation:
- Ensure the air bottle is pressurized or the starter battery is fully charged.
- Switch the selector switch to the ‘local’ position.
- Confirm the breaker switch is in the ‘off’ position.
- Starting and Monitoring:
- Start the emergency generator.
- Check the voltage, frequency, and amperage readings.
- Run the generator for 10-15 minutes, monitoring exhaust temperature and other parameters.
- Check the sump level.
- Stopping:
- Switch the selector to ‘manual.’
- Stop the generator.
Monthly Testing (Loaded):
- Preparation:
- Similar to weekly testing, ensure the generator is ready to start.
- In addition, identify and prepare the essential loads to be connected during the test.
- Starting and Load Transfer:
- Start the emergency generator.
- Simulate a main power failure by opening the main breaker.
- Transfer the essential loads to the emergency switchboard.
- Monitoring and Duration:
- Monitor voltage, frequency, load current, and other vital parameters.
- Run the generator under load for at least 30 minutes, ensuring it reaches normal operating temperatures and pressures.
- Stopping and Restoration:
- Transfer the loads back to the main switchboard.
- Close the main breaker.
- Stop the emergency generator.
Additional Considerations:
- Automatic Start Testing: Test the automatic start function monthly to ensure it activates and takes on load as designed in a blackout scenario.
- Hydraulic Start Testing: For generators with hydraulic start systems, test this functionality monthly.
- Fuel and Consumables: Regularly check fuel levels, oil levels, coolant levels, and the condition of air filters and belts.
- Logbook: Maintain a detailed record of all tests, including dates, times, loads applied, observations, and any corrective actions taken.
Remember:
- The MCA emphasizes the importance of testing the complete emergency system, including automatic start arrangements and load transfer mechanisms.
- The duration of the loaded test should be sufficient to ensure the generator reaches its normal operating conditions and can handle the expected load.
- Routine maintenance and testing are critical to ensure the emergency generator functions reliably when needed, safeguarding the safety of the vessel and its crew in critical situations.
Please note that this information is a summary of the MCA’s guidance. It’s always advisable to refer to the latest official publications and consult with qualified professionals for specific requirements and procedures.