(a) Cupro-nickel
- Composition: 60-70% copper, 30-40% nickel, with small amounts of manganese and iron.
- Applications:
- Piping systems, heat exchangers, and condensers in seawater systems, due to its excellent resistance to corrosion by saltwater.
- Propellers, propeller shafts, and hulls of high-quality boats, for its strength and durability.
(b) Aluminium bronze
- Composition: 90-92% copper, 7-9% aluminium, with small amounts of iron, manganese, and other elements.
- Applications:
- Marine hardware, such as propellers, shafts, and fittings, because of its resistance to corrosion and wear.
- Bearings and gears, for its good strength and wear resistance.
(c) Admiralty brass
- Composition: 70% copper, 29% zinc, 1% tin.
- Applications:
- Condenser tubes and plates in seawater systems, due to its good resistance to corrosion and erosion.
- Heat exchanger tubes and marine hardware.
(d) Duralumin
- Composition: 90% aluminium, 4% copper, 1% magnesium, 0.5% manganese, with small amounts of silicon and iron.
- Applications:
- Aircraft structures, because of its high strength-to-weight ratio and good fatigue resistance.
- Marine applications, such as masts and booms, for its strength and corrosion resistance.
(e) Solder
- Composition: Varies depending on the type of solder, but typically a mixture of tin and lead, with or without other metals such as silver or copper.
- Applications:
- Joining electrical components and stained glass panels.
- Sealing metal cans and food containers.