Aux 2 Unit 9 Refrigerant Under/ re-charge, leaks, trouble shooting Q4 Answer

  1. Explain, with the aid of a sketch, the procedure for vapour re-charging of a refrigeration plant.(10)

Procedure for Vapour Re-Charging of a Refrigeration Plant

  1. Preparation and Safety Checks
    • Identify the correct refrigerant type and ensure sufficient quantity is available.
    • Confirm that all charging equipment (hoses, manifold gauge set, charging cylinder, and connections) are clean, leak-free, and serviceable.
    • Ensure good ventilation and that PPE (gloves, goggles) is worn to prevent refrigerant burns.
  2. Leak Testing
    • Before charging, carry out a leak test (using dry nitrogen/soap solution or electronic detector).
    • Any leaks must be repaired and the system evacuated before proceeding.
  3. Evacuation of System
    • Connect a vacuum pump to the charging line via the manifold.
    • Evacuate the system to remove air and moisture (typically to about 500 microns/–0.9 bar gauge).
    • Isolate and check the vacuum holds to confirm system tightness.
  4. Connection of Charging Cylinder
    • Attach the refrigerant cylinder to the centre (charging) port of the manifold gauge set.
    • Purge the charging line by briefly opening the cylinder valve to expel air from the hose.
  5. Charging in Vapour Form
    • Place the refrigerant cylinder upright (so only vapour, not liquid, enters the system).
    • Open the low-pressure side of the manifold slowly, allowing vapour refrigerant to be drawn into the system by compressor suction.
    • Do not charge through the high-pressure side, as this risks liquid slugging and compressor damage.
  6. Monitoring During Charging
    • Start the compressor and observe suction/discharge pressures.
    • Watch the liquid line sight glass for bubbles; continue charging until it runs clear.
    • Monitor temperatures and superheat/subcooling to ensure correct operating conditions.
  7. Completion
    • When the correct charge level is reached, close the cylinder and manifold valves.
    • Disconnect charging equipment carefully and fit protective caps to service valves.
    • Record the type and amount of refrigerant added in the maintenance log (for statutory compliance under MARPOL/FGas regulations).