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- Explain the meaning and purpose of EACH of the following terms:
(a) flare;(2)
(b) bulwark;(2)
(c) coaming;(2)
(d) freeing port;(2)
(e) scupper.(2)
(a) Flare (2 marks)
- Meaning: The outward curvature of the ship’s side above the waterline at the bow.
- Purpose: Deflects spray and waves away from the deck, improving seakeeping and dryness forward.
(b) Bulwark (2 marks)
- Meaning: A solid vertical extension of the ship’s side plating above the deck edge.
- Purpose: Provides protection for crew and equipment, acting as a guardrail and reducing risk of people/equipment being washed overboard.
(c) Coaming (2 marks)
- Meaning: A raised vertical edge or rim around hatchways, doors, or other openings in a deck.
- Purpose: Prevents water ingress into compartments below when exposed to weather or wash.
(d) Freeing Port (2 marks)
- Meaning: Openings in the bulwark fitted with flaps or bars to allow water to drain overboard.
- Purpose: Ensures rapid clearing of shipped seas from the deck, maintaining vessel stability.
(e) Scupper (2 marks)
- Meaning: Deck drain pipes or openings that lead water away from decks, usually into the sea or an internal drainage system.
- Purpose: Prevents water accumulation on decks, reducing hazards and maintaining safety.