{"id":6616,"date":"2024-08-30T19:26:50","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T19:26:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=6616"},"modified":"2025-05-11T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T11:12:29","slug":"aux-1-unit-5-q2-answer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=6616","title":{"rendered":"Aux 1 Unit 5 Q2 &#8211; Answer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-63-1024x165.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5642\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-63-1024x165.png 1024w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-63-300x48.png 300w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-63-768x123.png 768w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-63.png 1132w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-395.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-395.png 836w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-395-300x36.png 300w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-395-768x93.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Positive Displacement Pumps and Ancillary Equipment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(a) Relief Valve:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Need for a Relief Valve:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Positive displacement pumps deliver a constant volume of fluid with each rotation regardless of the discharge pressure.&nbsp; If the discharge pressure in the system exceeds the pump&#8217;s design pressure due to a blocked outlet, closed valve, or other restriction, it can cause several problems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Overload on Pump Components:<\/strong> Excessive pressure can put undue stress on the pump&#8217;s internal components like bearings, gears, or vanes, leading to premature wear and potential failure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pipe Rupture:<\/strong> The high pressure can exceed the pressure rating of the piping system, leading to pipe bursts and potential safety hazards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pump Damage:<\/strong> In extreme cases, very high pressure can cause permanent damage to the pump housing or internal components.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Placement of Relief Valve:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To prevent these issues, a <strong>relief valve<\/strong> is installed on the discharge line of a positive displacement pump. This valve acts as a safety mechanism by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Sensing Pressure:<\/strong> The relief valve continuously monitors the pressure in the discharge line.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pressure Relief:<\/strong> When the pressure exceeds a pre-set level (cracking pressure), the relief valve opens, bypassing a portion of the flow back to the pump inlet (internal bypass) or to a reservoir (external bypass).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pressure Regulation:<\/strong> By diverting excess flow, the relief valve helps to maintain the pressure within the system at a safe operating level.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Typical Location:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The relief valve is typically installed as close to the pump discharge port as possible to minimize the volume of the system exposed to excessive pressure in case of a pressure surge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(b) Pulsation Damper:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pulsation Damper Function:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Positive displacement pumps, due to their operating principle, can generate pulsating flow. This means the flow rate is not constant but varies with each rotation of the pump&#8217;s internal element (gear, vane, piston, etc.). These pulsations can cause several problems in the piping system:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Vibration and Noise:<\/strong> The pulsating flow can induce vibration in pipes and connected equipment, leading to increased noise levels and potential fatigue failure in components.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pressure Spikes and Drops:<\/strong> The rapid changes in flow rate can translate to pressure spikes and drops within the system, stressing components and potentially affecting the performance of pressure-sensitive equipment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pulsation Damper Operation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>pulsation damper<\/strong> is a device installed on the discharge line of a positive displacement pump to mitigate these pulsations. It functions similarly to a shock absorber in a car:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Bladder or Diaphragm:<\/strong> The pulsation damper typically contains a flexible bladder or diaphragm that separates two chambers &#8211; a gas chamber pre-charged with an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) and a fluid chamber connected to the discharge line.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Energy Absorption:<\/strong> During the high-flow phase of the pump cycle, the pulsating pressure in the fluid chamber compresses the gas in the gas chamber. The gas acts as a spring, absorbing the excess energy of the pulsating flow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Energy Release:<\/strong> During the low-flow phase of the pump cycle, the compressed gas in the gas chamber expands, pushing fluid back into the discharge line and smoothing out the pulsations in the flow rate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Overall Effect:<\/strong>&nbsp; By absorbing and releasing the pulsating pressure, the pulsation damper helps to create a more steady and consistent flow of fluid within the system. This reduces vibration, noise, and pressure fluctuations, protecting components and improving overall system performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong>&nbsp; The selection and sizing of a relief valve and pulsation damper depend on the specific pump characteristics, system pressure rating, and desired performance outcomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Positive Displacement Pumps and Ancillary Equipment (a) Relief Valve: Need for a Relief Valve: Positive displacement pumps deliver a constant volume of fluid with each rotation regardless of the discharge pressure.&nbsp; If the discharge pressure in the system exceeds the pump&#8217;s design pressure due to a blocked outlet, closed valve, or other restriction, it can [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6616","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6616"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6633,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6616\/revisions\/6633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}