{"id":2393,"date":"2024-08-03T11:17:48","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T11:17:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=2393"},"modified":"2025-05-12T19:16:48","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T19:16:48","slug":"mde-unit-1-q2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=2393","title":{"rendered":"MDE Unit 1 Q2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=3382\">Quiz<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/?page_id=2394\">Next Unit<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"255\" src=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-170-1024x255.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-170-1024x255.png 1024w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-170-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-170-768x191.png 768w, https:\/\/svestudy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-170.png 1030w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(a) With reference to the combustion of fuel, explain EACH of the following terms:<br>(i) atomisation; (3)<br>(ii) penetration; (2)<br>(iii) compression ratio.(1)<br>(b) State the factors which influence the terms explained in part (a).(4)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle wp-block-ub-content-toggle-block\" id=\"ub-content-toggle-block-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" data-mobilecollapse=\"true\" data-desktopcollapse=\"true\" data-preventcollapse=\"false\" data-showonlyone=\"false\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion\" style=\"border-color: #f1f1f1; border-top-left-radius: 8px; border-top-right-radius: 8px; border-bottom-left-radius: 8px; border-bottom-right-radius: 8px; \" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-block-f5d6bb7c-b21d-4535-b87f-f19bd5557a23\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title-wrap\" style=\"background-color: #f1f1f1;\" aria-controls=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-0-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title ub-content-toggle-title-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" style=\"color: #000000; \">Atomization in Combustion<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-toggle-wrap right\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-state-indicator wp-block-ub-chevron-down\"><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-content-wrap ub-hide\" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-0-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Atomization<\/strong> is the process of breaking down a liquid fuel into a fine mist of tiny droplets. This is crucial for efficient combustion in engines and burners. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lechler.com\/de-en\/technology\/basics-nozzle-technology\/atomization-methods#:~:text=Atomization%20methods-,Atomization%20methods,drops%20of%20the%20same%20diameter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lechler.com\/de-en\/technology\/basics-nozzle-technology\/atomization-methods#:~:text=Atomization%20methods-,Atomization%20methods,drops%20of%20the%20same%20diameter\">1. Atomization processes | Fundamentals &#8211; Lechler <\/a><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lechler.com\/de-en\/technology\/basics-nozzle-technology\/atomization-methods#:~:text=Atomization%20methods-,Atomization%20methods,drops%20of%20the%20same%20diameter\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. Liquid Fuel Atomization and Combustion (Chapter 12) &#8211; Renewable Fuels &#8211; Cambridge University Press &amp; Assessment <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is Atomization Important?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Increased Surface Area:<\/strong> Breaking the fuel into small droplets dramatically increases the surface area exposed to the oxidizer (usually air). \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Liquid Fuel Atomization and Combustion (Chapter 12) &#8211; Renewable Fuels &#8211; Cambridge University Press &amp; Assessment <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.cambridge.org<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=For%20example%2C%20as%20shown%20in,increase%20the%20fuel%20surface%20area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Faster Evaporation:<\/strong> The increased surface area allows for quicker evaporation of the liquid fuel, turning it into a vapor which can mix more readily with the air. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Evaporation &#8211; Wikipedia <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">en.wikipedia.org<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evaporation#:~:text=A%20substance%20that%20has%20a,are%20potentially%20able%20to%20escape.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Better Mixing:<\/strong> The finer the droplets, the better the mixing between the fuel and air, leading to a more homogeneous mixture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Improved Combustion Efficiency:<\/strong> A well-atomized fuel burns more completely, releasing more energy and producing fewer harmful emissions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methods of Atomization<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several methods are used to atomize liquid fuels:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Pressure Atomization:<\/strong> High pressure forces the fuel through a small orifice, creating a fine spray.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Air-Assist Atomization:<\/strong> A high-velocity air stream breaks up the liquid fuel as it exits a nozzle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Ultrasonic Atomization:<\/strong> High-frequency vibrations break the liquid into tiny droplets. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Ultrasonic atomization principle &#8211; AMAZEMET | Freedom In Metal Additive Manufacturing <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.amazemet.com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazemet.com\/ultrasonic-atomization-principle\/#:~:text=In%20simple%20words%2C%20ultrasonic%20atomization,ultrasonic%20frequencies%2C%20forms%20standing%20waves%2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In essence, atomization is a critical step in preparing liquid fuels for combustion. It ensures efficient energy release and minimizes pollutants.<\/strong> \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Liquid Fuel Atomization and Combustion (Chapter 12) &#8211; Renewable Fuels &#8211; Cambridge University Press &amp; Assessment <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/renewable-fuels\/liquid-fuel-atomization-and-combustion\/8F3C9E3A88153B5952006134F80E144A#:~:text=12.2%20Fuel%20Injection%20and%20Combustion,diesel%20engine%20with%20intermittent%20combustion.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion\" style=\"border-color: #f1f1f1; border-top-left-radius: 8px; border-top-right-radius: 8px; border-bottom-left-radius: 8px; border-bottom-right-radius: 8px; \" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-block-cda5c183-277d-4e6d-b7ac-5a12ab411fb4\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title-wrap\" style=\"background-color: #f1f1f1;\" aria-controls=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-1-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title ub-content-toggle-title-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" style=\"color: #000000; \">Penetration in Combustion<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-toggle-wrap right\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-state-indicator wp-block-ub-chevron-down\"><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-content-wrap ub-hide\" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-1-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Penetration<\/strong> in the context of fuel combustion, particularly in diesel engines, refers to the distance the injected fuel spray travels into the combustion chamber before it starts to vaporize and mix with the air.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Factors Affecting Penetration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several factors influence fuel penetration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Injection Pressure:<\/strong> Higher injection pressure results in greater penetration as the fuel is injected with more force. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Temporal Evolution of Split-Injected Fuel Spray at Elevated Chamber Pressures &#8211; MDPI <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.mdpi.com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/12\/22\/4284#:~:text=The%20penetration%20rate%20of%20tip,the%20increased%20surrounding%20gas%20density.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Nozzle Geometry:<\/strong> The shape and size of the injector nozzle affect the spray pattern and penetration. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. The Effect of Fuel Injector Nozzle Configuration on JP-8 Sprays at Diesel Engine Conditions <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">apps.dtic.mil<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/citations\/ADA611701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Fuel Properties:<\/strong> Fuel viscosity, density, and surface tension impact how far the fuel travels before breaking up.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Ambient Conditions:<\/strong> Temperature and pressure within the combustion chamber can affect fuel vaporization and penetration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Importance of Penetration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Optimal penetration is crucial for efficient combustion:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Sufficient Mixing:<\/strong> Adequate penetration ensures proper mixing of fuel and air, leading to complete combustion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Ignition Delay:<\/strong> Penetration affects the ignition delay, which is the time between fuel injection and the start of combustion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Combustion Efficiency:<\/strong> Proper penetration contributes to higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In essence, penetration is a key parameter in diesel engine combustion, influencing factors like ignition timing, combustion phasing, and overall engine performance.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion\" style=\"border-color: #f1f1f1; border-top-left-radius: 8px; border-top-right-radius: 8px; border-bottom-left-radius: 8px; border-bottom-right-radius: 8px; \" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-block-9f8be56c-6400-4a31-abb4-d4fb0fd41561\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title-wrap\" style=\"background-color: #f1f1f1;\" aria-controls=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-2-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-title ub-content-toggle-title-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\" style=\"color: #000000; \">Compression Ratio in Combustion<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-toggle-wrap right\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-state-indicator wp-block-ub-chevron-down\"><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"wp-block-ub-content-toggle-accordion-content-wrap ub-hide\" id=\"ub-content-toggle-panel-2-aa623dd8-b646-4e60-9e9c-0bf74e8b5e42\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Compression ratio<\/strong> is a fundamental parameter in internal combustion engines. It&#8217;s defined as the ratio of the volume of the cylinder when the piston is at its lowest point (bottom dead center, or BDC) to the volume when it&#8217;s at its highest point (top dead center, or TDC). \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Compression_ratio#:~:text=A%20fundamental%20specification%20for%20such,of%20the%20cylinder%20when%20the\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Compression_ratio#:~:text=A%20fundamental%20specification%20for%20such,of%20the%20cylinder%20when%20the\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Compression ratio &#8211; Wikipedia <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Compression_ratio#:~:text=A%20fundamental%20specification%20for%20such,of%20the%20cylinder%20when%20the\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Compression_ratio#:~:text=A%20fundamental%20specification%20for%20such,of%20the%20cylinder%20when%20the\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jepistons.com\/je-auto-blog\/how-to-calculate-engine-compression-ratio-and-displacement\/#:~:text=By%20definition%2C%20the%20compression%20ratio,divided%20by%20the%20total%20compressed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jepistons.com\/je-auto-blog\/how-to-calculate-engine-compression-ratio-and-displacement\/#:~:text=By%20definition%2C%20the%20compression%20ratio,divided%20by%20the%20total%20compressed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2. How To Calculate Engine Compression Ratio And Displacement &#8211; JE Pistons <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jepistons.com\/je-auto-blog\/how-to-calculate-engine-compression-ratio-and-displacement\/#:~:text=By%20definition%2C%20the%20compression%20ratio,divided%20by%20the%20total%20compressed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jepistons.com\/je-auto-blog\/how-to-calculate-engine-compression-ratio-and-displacement\/#:~:text=By%20definition%2C%20the%20compression%20ratio,divided%20by%20the%20total%20compressed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In simpler terms, it&#8217;s how much the air-fuel mixture is compressed before ignition. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. COMPRESSION RATIO: HOW to CALCULATE, MODIFY and CHOOSE the BEST one &#8211; BOOST SCHOOL #10 <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Does it Affect Combustion?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Higher Compression:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Increases temperature and pressure of the air-fuel mixture before ignition. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. COMPRESSION RATIO: HOW to CALCULATE, MODIFY and CHOOSE the BEST one &#8211; BOOST SCHOOL #10 <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.youtube.com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Improves combustion efficiency by allowing for a more complete burn of the fuel. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. COMPRESSION RATIO: HOW to CALCULATE, MODIFY and CHOOSE the BEST one &#8211; BOOST SCHOOL #10 <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.youtube.com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1pZqiuaZYGY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Increases engine power and torque. \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Shows the graph between Torque and Compression ratio In Fig. 2 increase&#8230; &#8211; ResearchGate <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.researchgate.net<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Shows-the-graph-between-Torque-and-Compression-ratio-In-Fig-2-increase-in-compression_fig3_319207754#:~:text=From%20the%20fig2%20it%20is,%25%2C20%25%2C30%25)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Lower Compression:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Results in lower temperatures and pressures during combustion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Can lead to incomplete combustion and lower efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Factors Influencing Compression Ratio:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Engine design:<\/strong> Cylinder head shape, piston shape, and combustion chamber volume.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Fuel type:<\/strong> Higher compression ratios generally require higher octane fuels to prevent premature ignition (knocking). \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1. Why are high compression ratios not used in sparkignition engines? &#8211; Vaia <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">www.vaia.com<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vaia.com\/en-us\/textbooks\/physics\/thermodynamics-an-engineering-approach-8-edition\/chapter-9\/problem-28-why-are-high-compression-ratios-not-used-in-spark\/#:~:text=4.,prevent%20auto%2Dignition%20and%20detonation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In essence, compression ratio is a critical factor in determining the performance and efficiency of an internal combustion engine.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quiz Next Unit (a) With reference to the combustion of fuel, explain EACH of the following terms:(i) atomisation; (3)(ii) penetration; (2)(iii) compression ratio.(1)(b) State the factors which influence the terms explained in part (a).(4)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2393","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2393"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9534,"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2393\/revisions\/9534"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/svestudy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}